Candlelight was a precious thing for a family before the days of electrical power. In early days, candle making was an arduous task that took a full day to complete. Most candles were made from animal fat called tallow. The tallow was melted in a large pot over the fire. A family would need to make enough candles to last them a long time, preferably all winter Wicks were made from cord and sometimes strands of flax. The wicks were usually suspended from a stick and dipped over and over again in the hot tallow. Each dip would add another thin layer. When the build up of tallow on the wicks was sufficient, the candles would be suspended on a pole to harden. It was necessary to complete the job in cool weather to ensure the tallow would harden properly. The wicks would then be trimmed. Candles were used for lighting especially in the long winter evenings. The routine of getting up and out to work in the early day light hours was a practical form of day light saving time. Going to bed when darkness came was a way of sparing the precious candles at night. Women would measure baking times by how much candle had burned. They knew from experience how much of the candle would be consumed while bread was baking in the oven. As time passed, fragrant herbs and berries would be added to the candles to sweeten the noxious smell of the animal fat burning. At Christmastime, the candles would be burned in celebration for a short time in order to preserve them. Lanterns with glass sides illuminated the candlelight. Reflective metal shields were attached to the candle holders to reflect and amplify the light. Tiny candles would be fastened with clips to tree branches. These candles would be lit for a brief time and then extinguished to guard against fire. The Middleville and District Museum has many examples of lanterns and candle related artifacts. Be sure to check them out when the Museum re-opens in the spring.
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The tradition of sending Christmas greetings dates back to early times. Thomas Shorrock of Leith, Scotland sent cards wishing "A Gude Year to Ye" around 1840. It was, however, Sir Henry Cole who is commonly credited with first producing cards in large quantities showing family and acts of charity depicted by an artist he commissioned. Sir Henry Cole received so many Christmas letters that he could not possibly keep up with the Victorian tradition of responding to all correspondence received. The mass production of cards allowed him to do so. It also encouraged the British people to take advantage of the newly established ' Penny Post' adopted by the Postal System to increase its use. Mail could be sent for a penny. This meant corresponding by post was more accessible. Please enjoy this sample of the Museum's greeting cards for the Christmas season. The tradition of official Christmas cards was introduced by Queen Victoria in the 1880's. The Middleville and District Museum has a great selection of old greeting cards and postcards in its collection. Be sure to check out these beautiful relics of days gone by when you visit the Museum next season.
Imagine a young couple bundling up in layers of their warmest garments and climbing into their brand new ruby red cutter. Their feet would be kept warm by the heated coals tucked into the warming box nestled on the floor boards. A large buffalo robe held tight would guard against the chill of the wind as the horse began to pick up speed along the country lane. Jingling bells on the horse’s harness would alert neighbours of the arrival of the visitors. This is the image brought to mind by the very special arrival of a one-horse open cutter at the Middleville and District Museum. The Moulton family of James’ settlement area fulfilled the wishes of the late Thorpe Moulton by donating his family’s cutter to the Museum. A little research hints at it being a Portland Cutter with its side doors. The family believes it probably came into their possession as a means to get around the countryside for Thorpe’s parents, John and Edith (James) Moulton married in 1904. The Portland Cutter’s arrival at the Museum coincides nicely with an outdoor Christmas event planned for Saturday, November 26th, 2022 taking place outside at the Museum. Families are invited to drop by the Museum grounds between 1 and 4pm to join in the fun of gingerbread cookie decorating and enjoy some hot apple cider, hot chocolate and sugar cookies. The decoration of the old schoolhouse door in Victorian style will provide the perfect background for a special family photograph just in time to be sent along with Christmas cards whether traditional or online. The Moulton cutter decked out nearby will be a lovely addition to any photo. The Middleville and District Museum is happy to receive this special donation and grateful for the generosity of the Moulton family in sharing it with the Museum allowing many visitors to enjoy it for years to come.
Be sure to dress warmly for this outdoor event. Please note: the interior of the Museum will be closed during this event with only washroom access There are many artifacts to be found in the Middleville and District Museum's War exhibits. The personal belongings of men and women who served are of special interest to visitors. Uniforms representing several different forces are on display at the Museum. The Museum is fortunate to have pictures of the people who wore these uniforms proudly. You will probably recognize a few familiar faces. A recent arrival at the Museum is the dress uniform of Janet Jarvis James. It was donated by her family this fall along with some other personal items and interesting artifacts including a shell case from Vimy Ridge. These items will soon be on display in the WW l exhibit alongside her Bluebird nursing uniform. To find out more about Janet's service career and the Bluebirds, check out last November's journal post. Be sure to take the time to peruse the War exhibits at the Museum next season. There are lots of scrapbooks, memorabilia collected by soldiers and everyday belongings like lunch pails and letters to keep you interested. Plan a visit to see these artifacts and learn more about the people they belonged to.
"Everyone has something to give and every act of generosity counts!" Created in 2012 as a way to encourage people to give of their time, money and support to worthy causes, Giving Tuesday has grown to a worldwide movement. The Middleville and District Museum is once again participating in the Giving Tuesday campaign that culminates on Tuesday, November 29th, 2022. The Museum exists and thrives because people generously support the ongoing sustainability of the building and the preservation of its artifacts and genealogy records. . Without donors, the Museum would not survive. The public supports the Museum by visiting to view the exhibits, attending fundraising events and volunteering time and services. The Middleville and District Museum has a volunteer board of directors supported by a multitude of regular and occasional volunteers that care for the Museum with countless hours of service. The Museum also benefits from a strong group of donors of money and materials. For large projects, the Museum relies on financial support from individuals and grants from many organizations and all three levels of government. Many local businesses donate building supplies, gravel and tools. Carpenters and retired craftsmen donate their time and expertise. A few examples of donations that assisted in hosting the public events this season were bags of apples by McLaren Orchards, Solar Roasted Coffee by Fluid Coffee, baking by local volunteers, materials to dress scarecrows and bales of hay, This all helps the Museum provide fun events for the community. The Middleville and District Museum is very grateful to have so many generous supporters and donors. Thanks to all those who contribute to the Museum's mission of preservation and education.
Some visitors to the Middleville and District Museum are delighted to find a photograph of a structure built and lived in by their ancestors. The Macaulay-Borrowman Photography Collection includes a few old buildings that testify to the existence of early housing in the area. Other photographs of homesteads are tucked into the pages of family histories waiting to be discovered by a young descendent. Some of these buildings are made of stone and have stood the test of time. Others are log and with a little care over the generations have survived. In many cases, what remains are a few corner stones on a site where a family once built a life that sustained them. The Museum's photo collections have representations of all of these cases. top row: Watt Homestead, Paul Homestead, middle row: James Homestead, Yuill Homestead, bottom row: Aitken Homestead, Smith Homestead In the case of the McNichol Homestead, the Museum has the corner stone of the chimney that can be seen in the picture of the cabin. The chimney remained standing tall long after the cabin was taken by time. Descendants of the family brought the corner stone of that chimney to be preserved in the Museum and viewed by generations of the McNichol family. Be sure to look through the scrapbooks, family histories, albums, photography collections and boxes of photos on your next visit to the Museum. Maybe you'll find a hidden treasure.
In September of 1820, a little girl was born in the Gorbals area of Glasgow, Scotland. She grew up to be Janet Paton Beaton. Married to John Beaton at 19, she had two children and a newborn baby when she emigrated to Canada in 1841. It was during the sea voyage that an ordinary, white, woollen blanket became part of a story that is both tragic and a testament to the reality of so many young mothers. An outbreak of measles on the boat claimed the lives of at least fifteen children on board including Janet’s infant son, John. Janet was determined to bury her baby on land rather than the common sea burial that was the rule. She held tight to her baby wrapped in the woollen blanket and disguised the fact that the child had died. When the boat docked and the passengers disembarked, Janet and her husband were able to bury their son on land. Janet’s story is a view into the difficult hardships the emigrants faced a they travelled from their homes in the old country to a new home in the wilderness of a new land. Janet and her young family found their way to the area now known as Clayton where they lived until moving to Darling Township in 1858 where her husband, John, was a school teacher. Janet lived until 1903. The blanket that Janet wrapped her baby in to conceal his death on the boat, has survived and is displayed in an exhibit of blankets and shawls that belonged to strong, pioneering women in the Middleville and District Museum. It stands as a link to our past and gives us a view into both the tragedy and resiliency that were a part of their lives. You can read more about Janet and her family on our Down Memory Lane webpage found on our Collection webpage. Down Memory Lane is a page devoted to family stories.
Thanks to the research and writing of Mary Beth Wylie and Darlene Gerow Jones (Great, Great Granddaughter of Janet Paton Beaton) Janet’s story is brought to light. The Middleville and District Museum has always had a tradition of welcoming visitors outside its regularly posted hours, but this year, there's an added bonus. The installation of a heat pump in the Spring of 2022 to supply warmth to Rooms 1 and 2 has made it possible for the Museum volunteers to welcome visits, by appointment, in an extended time frame. Previously, the Museum would be very cold as the fahrenheit began to drop outside. This year, parts of the Museum will remain warm. This allows the volunteers to continue to meet and work onsite rather than packing up all items that would perish in the cold and working on Museum projects from an alternate location. This is a game changer! It also allows researchers and visitors who cannot make it to the Museum in summer months to come to the Museum. Room 3 (cabin room) will not be heated so visitors must gage if part of the Museum will be enough to see. There's lots of history and research material in the heated portions of the Museum. We will continue to leave our water on as long as the weather and heat pump permits. Please check our website homepage for the status of our availability to welcome visitors to Room 1 and 2 (old schoolhouse with research materials and first addition housing vehicles and many exhibits). Although, visitors could still wander through Room 3, the temperature will soon be very cold. Fortunately, there is plenty to see in Room 1 and 2. Researchers will be warm and comfortable in Room 1 with access to records. If you would like to visit the Middleville and District Museum during the next few months, be sure to contact us through e-mail or by phone. Our volunteers will do their best to accommodate a time for your visit. Please note: since this was originally posted, we have taken steps to winterize our space. Room 2 is still accessible, but has a large tarp from floor to ceiling to contain heat in a smaller area. Visitors are still welcome to access Room 2, but should speak to a volunteer about their visit ahead of arrival.
The only apples truly native to North America are crabapples, sometimes called ‘common apples’. These apples are tiny, tart and often grow in the wild. Old, craggily trees can be found in long abandon orchards on early homesteads. Indigenous People are said to have tended to crabapple trees in ‘forest gardens’. They used all parts of these trees. The tough hard wood made strong tools. The fruit provided food and the bark was used for tea and its medicinal properties to treat many ailments. The acidity of crabapples provides a natural preservative which was beneficial for storage over time. The fruit becomes sweeter as it is stored. The Hudson Bay Company planted crabapple trees near forts to combat scurvy. When settlers arrived, they carried seeds and sometimes even apple tree saplings with them. The first real orchards they established as part of their early agriculture were in the eastern regions of Canada including what is now known as the Eastern Townships. Most of these trees were planted in the late 1800’s. Crabapples were popular for producing cider because of the high level of natural tannins they possessed. As tastes changed, sweeter ‘dessert’ apples became popular and more widely used. Heirloom apple varieties included Golden Russet, Ribston Pippin, Duchess, Snow and Wolf River. It took one third of a bushel of apples to produce a gallon of cider. The apples were washed, cut and ground into a mash of pulp containing the skin and flesh. This mash was traditionally wrapped in straw and then as time passed, in cloth as it was squeezed to extract the juice. The remaining pulp was called ‘pomace’ and would be fed to farm animals as ‘mash’. The first commercial cidery in Canada was established on the Saanich Peninsula in British Columbia in 1928. Today, the vintage apple presses that required lots of manual labour have been replaced by machines with hydraulic power. The pure apple juice that is produced by an apple cider press is pasteurized for commercial consumption. To preserve fresh, raw apple juice, it should be heated to 190 degrees Fahrenheit. It can then be stored in sealed, sterilized bottles to be enjoyed throughout the winter months. The pasteurized juice can also be frozen for use at a later date. The Middleville and District Museum will be using its vintage Apple Press to turn juicy apples into a sweet, liquid treat. Visitors are invited to bring their own containers for a sample. At the event, on Saturday October 8th, 2022, sweet baked, apple treats will be enjoyed by visitors. Recipes, activities and a craft for kids will add to the fun. Come out and enjoy this free, outdoor event at the Museum. Noon – 4 pm. Of course, the Museum will be open to visitors, as well.
The Middleville and District Museum includes the education of visitors in its mandate. It provides information about the significance and harvest of wild rice by Indigenous Peoples in an exhibit by using the voices of Indigenous Peoples to share knowledge of this subject through short videos. Manoomin (man-oo-min) (Ojibway language) is the only wild grain that is indigenous to North America. Manoomin is not only a very good source of protein, but also has great significance to the Anishinaabeg and is a crucial part of their migration story on Turtle Island (North America). Elders recount the story of ancestors being instructed to head west until they found the food that grows on water. The story tells that they travelled until they found the lake now called Rice Lake. Manoomin is so important to the Anishinaabeg that it was the first solid food given to their babies (as mazaan, or broken rice) and the last food an Elder was served before passing to the Spirit world. Manoomin once grew in abundance in shallow lakes and rivers. It provided food and habitat for many wetland fowl and animals. Manoomin is harvested in late August and early September during what is known as the manoominike-giizis or wild rice moon. Wild rice can be spotted by canoeists and kayakers in some of the shallower waterways in Lanark Highlands. To learn more about wild rice, be sure to visit plentycanada.com where you will find a comprehensive history and report of the subject.
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AuthorThis journal is written, researched, and maintained by the volunteers of the Middleville Museum. |